Talk:Translation (biology)

Image of Translation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Translation-genetics.png is really quite inaccurate in terms of scale and sites. Where is the E, P, and A sites of the ribosome? Three tRNAs are supposed to fit inside the ribosome, not just one. I'll try to find one. If anyone else could also look for one that would be great. --G3pro 13:52, 15 Nov 2004 (UTC)

There's another, IMO more serious, problem with it: it makes it look like the peptide is attached to the 5' rather than the 3' end of the tRNA. Josh Cherry 23:57, 15 Nov 2004 (UTC) bjb

Proposed move

The following is a closed discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the proposal was move article. After 56 days and zero objections to this proposal, I think the article can be safely moved. --Kralizec! (talk) 12:07, 23 October 2006 (UTC)

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Translation (genetics) → Translation (biology)

Since Genetics is defined as:

the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms.

I don't see why the large and broad field of Translation should be classified as genetics. Sure translation involves genes, but that's because it's central to all biology.--vossman 16:16, 23 February 2006 (UTC)

My eyes were browsing for Translation (biology) on the Translation (disambiguation) page, and it stroke me as odd that this has been put under genetics. Sure, there are genetic aspects to translation, but that's just a part of it. There is also the molecular machinery that carries out the task. The term biology covers genetics and molecular biology. So I vote for the move. --Olli. Monday, August 28, 2006

The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Amino Acids brought to ribosome's and assembled into proteins

Who copied who?

This article is almost identical to this one. If the wiki article is a copy of that article, at least that source should be mentioned in my opinion. Happy Puppy 18:36, 24 July 2006 (UTC)

actually, it says on the bottom of that page "copied from the English Wikipedia page" so........ yeah--Heero Kirashami (talk) 04:36, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

translation, cap-dependent/cap-independent.

it is not correct that the initiation in eukaryotes are specialy cap-dependent/cap-independent. catabolite repression is abserved widely in unicelluler organisms sush as e coli and b subtilis. In case of catabolite-repressible enzymes, binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA that encodes them occurs only if another protein called the catabolite activator protein (CAP), has bound first. CAP is a allosteric protein.

I believe you are talking about transcription? Discusrapidus 20:24, 1 January 2007 (UTC)

Translation by hand?

This is supposed to be an encyclopedia article, not a guide to doing homework. The sentence "Note that T becomes U" grates my nerves even more. Thymine and Uracil are completely different molecules; they do not simple "become" one another.

If anyone doesn't object, I'd like to pull out that section completely. --Michael 03:48, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

I agree, no one in their right mind does this except on homework assignments, which is probably where that section came from. I'd suggest removing it and cleaning up the computer section along the way. It's important to make sure that the triplet codon -> one amino acid idea is retained, though. Opabinia regalis 05:24, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

No stop codon?

What will happen if RNA sequence under translation does not contain a stop codon? When does the translation stop then? --Artman40 18:08, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

Sorry about the slow reply. Presumably it'd fall off the end of the molecule and eventually dissociate from the peptidyl-tRNA chain, which wouldn't get cleaved due to the absence of release factor. There could be secondary structure downstream of the position that should have been a stop codon that could stall the ribosome, in which case the complex would probably eventually dissociate also. Of course, even if the 'real' stop codon in a gene is mutated, there could be another downstream stop codon that would catch the ribosome, depending on how much sequence followed the stop. Also, eukaryotic mRNA is polyadenylated, which aids in translation termination. Opabinia regalis 04:29, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

Odd Start

The article currently begins with "Translation is the second stage of Spana taking a massive splooge on his own head." I haven't removed this because I'm not certain what was there before, but it certainly is an odd introduction to translation. 128.113.201.100 03:15, 6 November 2007 (UTC)

Ummmmm...

Yeah, what should be done about the little smiley face? It looks like =). I mean, it is cute, but I don't think it is really relevant to Translation. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Heero Kirashami (talk • contribs) 04:40, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

translation by hand/computer

Sorry for the layman question, but I'm trying to wrap my head around the hand/computer translation examples given.

If I understand right, the first table showing DNA -> RNA is the transcription step, and the RNA nucleotides differ from their DNA complements because the transcription is done in the reverse order (from 3' -> 5' to 5' -> 3'). Is that correct?

Following this step, the article says to map the transcribed result to the RNA genetic code table. This is where things get confusing. The Virtual Ribosome output maps ATG GTG CTG -> M V L. Based on the steps described above, I would have expected ATG GTG CTG -> UAC CAC GAC -> Y H D, but seems the actual process was a bit simpler and just translated ATG -> AUG -> M, etc. Why is the direction not reversed (assuming that's actually what's going on in the first step)?

On a side note, other than this confusion, the translation by hand/computer sections have extremely helpful to me, having no prior exposure to genetics or indeed biology. They could use a bit of a clean-up/restructing, but I wouldn't remove them. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.68.236.214 (talk) 18:35, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

I hope I'm answering my own question here. Is it because the first example assumes a template strand while usually only the coding strand is used for translation? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.68.236.214 (talk) 19:31, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

The lead picture

...has 2 spacer nucleotides between each pair of codons. That's not right. Narayanese (talk) 21:22, 14 December 2008 (UTC)

Yeah, that's a pretty basic error. Agathman (talk) 21:29, 8 June 2009 (UTC)

I think there is an error on this page, the text says "The amino acid is joined by its carboxyl group to the 3' OH of the tRNA by an ester bond." I am nearly positive that it is the amino group of the amino acid which is joined to the 3'OH of the tRNA not the carboxyl group.

No, that is right. That bond is hydrolyzed during translation, and the carboxyl of the amino acid from the tRNA in the P site is connected to the free amino group of the amino acid still attached to the tRNA in the A site. This leaves an amino group at the beginning of the polypeptide, the N terminus. Here's a textbook illustration. Agathman (talk) 21:28, 8 June 2009 (UTC)

more relevant information?

I notice how this article still has sections on translation by hand and by computer, yet no detailed descriptions of protein synthesis in general. Perhaps going into a little bit of protien synthesis, and the 3 base protein model might work a little bit better than the current system. Right now, this article is pretty shoddy. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.168.246.146 (talk) 17:56, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

Questions

Is this process governed simply by diffusion? Does the cytoskeleton help the diffusion? In the translation sequence, there is a point at which the ribosome requires a particular amino acid. Is there a signaling process between the ribosome and Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase indicating a particular need? Or are all varieties of aminoacyl-tRNA floating in the cytoplasm and available for the ribosomes?.Moadeeb (talk) 05:39, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

external links

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120060/ravenanimation.html

chapter 15 topic:protein synthesis. please add the link since i don't know how to. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sameerbau (talk • contribs) 08:03, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

Added to and Rearranged Intro, Added movie from ribosome page.

Hello everyone, I rearranged and added to the intro for the page and added a movie. What does everyone think? —Preceding unsigned comment added by OtakuNOVAkun (talk • contribs) 23:33, 11 February 2010 (UTC) --OtakuNOVAkun (talk) 23:36, 11 February 2010 (UTC)

Opening sentence

The opening sentence "Translation is the first stage of protein biosynthesis" is misleading and inconsistent with the Protein biosynthesis article which states that amino acid synthesis and transcription precede translation. Martin.Budden (talk) 20:28, 25 April 2010 (UTC)

The first two are independent processes, not stages, so you can't call it "third." Whether you call it the first stage depends on whether you consider protein biosynthesis to begin with the actual production of protein. Arc de Ciel (talk) 04:24, 31 March 2013 (UTC)

Grammatical Clarification, Please

(In 2nd paragraph), should "In many instances, the entire ribosome/mRNA complex causing it to bind to the outer membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and release the nascent protein..." be changed to "... the entire ribosome/mRNA complex BINDS to the outer membrane of the rough ER and RELEASES the nascent protein polypeptide..."? I would change this myself, but I am not an expert and I do not know the author's original intent with the unaltered text... in either case it is either a simple grammatical error in verb tense or it is missing some verb after "the entire ribosome/mRNA complex" for instance: 'the complex undergoes A CONFORMATION CHANGE causing it to bind...' 50.134.162.103 (talk) 14:02, 31 March 2012 (UTC)Gian50.134.162.103 (talk) 14:02, 31 March 2012 (UTC)

TO THE EDITOR - this sentence has no orientation. [Moved to talk page]

TO THE EDITOR - this sentence has no orientation. It could be either that the addition of the amino acid occurs at the C terminus of the amino acid in the A site, or the addition of the amino acid occurs at the C terminus of the NEW amino acid coming into the A site. I am fairly certain the second is true, but this sentence could be interpreted anyway. Do with this what you will. EDIT #2: I did some research and the addition of the amino acid occurs at the C terminus of the amino acid in the P site. So the N-terminus is synthesized first. I think it would really help to specify that. —— Preceding unsigned comment added by 141.211.231.65 (talk • contribs)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 July 2020

Change "It is the "factory" where amino acids are assembled into proteins." to "It is like a "chef" that prepares amino acids into proteins based on the instructions from mRNA.

I think this is more universally applicable to people around the world as some may not be familiar with factories. However, most people are familiar with chefs. This suggestion comes from reference.com which I think expresses the sentiment better than I could. The reference is below:

What Is a Good Analogy for the Ribosome? (n.d.). Reference. Retrieved July 7, 2020, from https://www.reference.com/science/good-analogy-ribosome-6369015e9410f314 Uasantamaria (talk) 04:02, 8 July 2020 (UTC)

 Not done. That's a much less straightforward analogy. –Deacon Vorbis (carbon • videos) 00:49, 9 July 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 July 2020

Request to change "The initiation phase is completed once a 50S subunit joins the 30 subunit, forming an active 70S ribosome.[10] Termination of the polypeptide occurs when the A site of the ribosome is occupied by a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) on the mRNA. tRNA usually cannot recognize or bind to stop codons."

to:

"The initiation phase is completed once a 50S subunit joins the 30 subunit, forming an active 70S ribosome.[10] Termination of the polypeptide occurs when the P site of the ribosome is occupied by a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) on the mRNA. tRNA usually cannot recognize or bind to stop codons." Akh1357 (talk) 18:18, 8 July 2020 (UTC)

 Not done. Please provide a source for this; you've given no rationale for the change. –Deacon Vorbis (carbon • videos) 00:52, 9 July 2020 (UTC)

"Translation(rna)" listed at Redirects for discussion

An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Translation(rna) and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 April 6#Translation(rna) until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Steel1943 (talk) 19:22, 6 April 2022 (UTC)