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Illy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the coffee company. For other uses, see Illy (disambiguation).
Illycaffè S.p.A.
Company typeS.p.A.
IndustryCoffee
Founded1933; 91 years ago (1933)
FounderFrancesco Illy
HeadquartersTrieste, Italy
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Andrea Illy (chairman)
Massimiliano Pogliani (CEO)
ProductsCoffee, espresso machines
Revenue€567.7 million (in 2022)
€14.2 million (in 2022)
Number of employees
2700+ (in 2016)
Websitewww.illy.com

Illycaffè S.p.A. (branded and stylised as illy) is an Italian coffee company specializing in espresso, headquartered in Trieste. Illy markets its coffee globally in silver and red pressurized, oxygen-free cans; operates a network of cafes on shopping streets, in museums, and in airports; and, since 2009, has marketed a line of coffee-flavoured energy drinks as illy issimo.

Either as whole beans or ground coffee, Illy offers medium, dark, and decaffeinated roast variations, as well as single-origin arabica variations, as available, each from Brazil, Guatemala, Ethiopia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Tanzania, or India. Seasonally, the company offers Idillyum, a low-caffeine arabica grown in El Salvador. The company packages coffee as whole beans, pre-ground coffee, ESE pods, and iperEspresso capsules.

Illy was founded in 1933 by Francesco Illy, remains family-controlled and employs about 2700+ employees (2015). 2022 revenues totalled €567.7 million,[1] and in late 2019, Illycaffee sought to expand into the United States market, offering a 20% stake in the company to potential investors.[2]

History

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Francesco Illy (Illy Ferenc), the company's founder, in 1930

Illy was founded by a Hungarian, Francesco Illy (Illy Ferenc in Hungarian), born in Temesvár, Austria-Hungary. During World War I he was conscripted into the Austro-Hungarian Army. After the war and the Treaty of Trianon, he remained with his sister in Trieste, which had recently come under Italian rule.[3] In 1933, he set up a cocoa and coffee business, eventually concentrating on coffee.[4] Focusing his interest on espresso, in 1935, Illy invented the first automatic coffee machine which substituted pressurized water for steam, marketed as the illetta, the predecessor of contemporary espresso machines.[5]

Illy developed a packaging system to preserve coffee, where coffee-filled cans are pressurized with nitrogen, to prevent oxidation. Illy coffee was soon marketed outside the Trieste area and was eventually marketed throughout Italy.

After World War II, control of the company passed to Ernesto Illy (1925–2008), the son of the founder, who started a research laboratory that would ultimately develop numerous inventions and patents. As a scientist and researcher, Ernesto Illy established cooperative agreements with universities and research centres and promoted coffee globally.[6]

Ernesto's son Andrea Illy (born 1964) is currently the company chairman, and Andrea's sister Anna Illy (born 1958)[7] and brothers Francesco Illy (born 1952) and Riccardo Illy (born 1955) are on the board of directors.[4] Illy coffee is available globally, with price differences reflecting global tariffs.

In 1999, Illy established the University of Coffee, Unicaffe, in Naples[8] to support education, research and innovation related to coffee.[9] The University was later moved to company offices in Trieste; the Unicaffe network currently has 27 branches worldwide.[10]

Company

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An illy espresso machine
Metal canisters of illy coffee beans

Illycaffè S.p.A. markets coffee-related products in approximately 140 countries worldwide. The Illy Group is made up of several companies located in North America, France, Germany, Spain, and Benelux. The group employs approximately 800 people in these locations.

Since the end of the 1980s, illy has purchased its green (raw) coffee beans directly from source countries, rather than the international commodities markets. The company exclusively purchases coffee of the arabica species, in particular from Brazil, the largest producer worldwide, but also from Colombia, India, and countries in Africa and Central America. Illy's Università del caffè ("University of Coffee") offers free training for growers. In Brazil, a nine-month program (one week per month) includes 360 hours of lectures. Illy buys between 10% and 30% of coffee produced by growers trained at the University of Coffee at a premium price, but does not require that the growers enter into an exclusive contract with the company.[11]

Illy was the world's first company to receive the Responsible Supply Chain Process (RSCP) certification of sustainability awarded by Det Norske Veritas (DNV).[12]

From 2004 to 2012, illycaffè funded the Ernesto Illy Trieste Science Prize to recognize scientific researchers from the developing world, in collaboration with The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS).[13] Illy was featured in the 2006 documentary Black Gold, in reference to its marketing of coffee from Ethiopia.

In an interview with The Wall Street Journal in June 2021, chairman Andrea Illy expressed interest in expanding the company's presence in the United States, the largest coffee market in the world. He noted branding as one of the main focuses in breaking into the market, as well as strengthening the company's distribution network both online and in larger retailers such as hotels, restaurants, and cafes.[14]

Product lines

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The term espresso, substituting s for most x letters in Latin-root words, with the term deriving from the past participle of the Italian verb esprimere, itself derived from the Latin exprimere, means 'to express', and refers to the process by which hot water is forced under pressure through ground coffee.[15][16]

Illy coffees are blended from arabica beans from multiple sources. The grounds are packaged in steel canisters and pressurized with an inert gas rather than air.

On 22 May 2009, in partnership with The Coca-Cola Company, illy launched a line of coffee-flavoured energy drinks marketed as illy issimo. In 2009, AirTran Airways began serving the beverage to passengers, which has since been available in five flavours: caffè, caffè no sugar, cappuccino, latte macchiato, and mochaccino.[17]

Product design

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In 1992, Francesco Illy, Andrea Illy's brother, launched The Illy Art Collection[18][19] to collaborate with well-known artists and designers outside the coffee industry,[20] producing artwork for the company's cups;[21] develop company-branded coffee machines and create specialized advertising photography. Robert Rauschenberg, Francis Ford Coppola, David Byrne, Jeff Koons, Yoko Ono,[19] and James Rosenquist (designer of illy's original logo) as well as architects Matteo Thun and Luca Trazzi[20][18] have contributed coffee cup artwork.[18] In 2006, the project extended to Illy's coffee cans.[18] Current versions of the latest cups and other promotional pieces are marketed on the company's website, and the collection is featured in a company gallery.[22]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Illy Annual Report". Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  2. ^ Vinicy Chan, Dinesh Nair, and Daniele Lepido (December 10, 2019). "Illycaffe Kicks Off Stake Sale to Fuel U.S. Expansion". Bloomberg News.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ "The Hungarian inventor behind the world-famous Illy coffee - Daily News Hungary". 4 February 2017.
  4. ^ a b Nicholas Stein; Doris Burke (9 December 2002), "Crisis in a coffee cup", Fortune, archived from the original on 12 January 2015.
  5. ^ John Tagliabue (26 December 2006), "Coffeehouses as fashion boutiques; selling cachet by the cup", The New York Times, archived from the original on 6 December 2014.
  6. ^ Dennis Hevesi (6 February 2008), "Ernesto Illy, chairman of coffee company, is dead at 82", The New York Times, archived from the original on 24 February 2012.
  7. ^ biography of Anna Illy on niaf.org
  8. ^ "L'Università del Caffè di illy: storia ed evoluzione della scuola di formazione di Trieste" [Illy University of Coffee: history and evolution of the training school in Trieste]. www.gamberorosso.it (in Italian). 16 January 2017. Retrieved 2019-09-23.
  9. ^ H-art 2011. "Università del Caffè illy who we are". illy. Retrieved 2019-09-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ H-art 2011. "Università del Caffè | illycaffè: branches around the world". illy. Retrieved 2019-09-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ Ariel Schwartz (30 November 2010), "Why illycaffe doesn't sell fair trade coffee", Fast Company, archived from the original on 7 July 2012.
  12. ^ The Story behind a Cup of Coffee [Forum No. 2 2011], Det Norske Veritas, 22 May 2011, archived from the original on 29 September 2013; Illy is the world's first coffee with DNV sustainability certification, Espressocasa.co.nz, archived from the original on 29 September 2013, retrieved 29 September 2013.
  13. ^ The Ernesto Illy Trieste Science Prize (2005–2008, 2009–2012), The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), archived from the original on 4 December 2013, retrieved 4 December 2013.
  14. ^ Sylvers, Eric (2021-06-12). "Italy's Illycaffè Sets Its Sights on the U.S. Coffee Market". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  15. ^ "Qual è il caffè espresso perfetto e come va bevuto?" (in Italian). Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  16. ^ "Is it espresso or expresso? Yes". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
  17. ^ Illy issimo gives coffee lovers two new tastes of lower calorie decadence anytime, anywhere: Italy's favorite on-the-go coffee drink announces caffè no sugar and mochaccino flavors [press release], BusinessWire, 16 May 2011, archived from the original on 19 August 2011.
  18. ^ a b c d László Zsolnai (15 October 2015). Post-Materialist Business: Spiritual Value-Orientation in Renewing Management. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 61–. ISBN 978-1-137-52598-7.
  19. ^ a b Laurence Minsky; Ilan Geva (3 November 2019). Global Brand Management: A Guide to Developing, Building & Managing an International Brand. Kogan Page. pp. 131–. ISBN 978-0-7494-8361-6.
  20. ^ a b Dietmar Sternad; James J. Kennelly; Finbarr Bradley (8 September 2017). Digging Deeper: How Purpose-Driven Enterprises Create Real Value. Taylor & Francis. pp. 171–. ISBN 978-1-351-28378-6.
  21. ^ Eleanor O'Higgins; László Zsolnai (6 September 2017). Progressive Business Models: Creating Sustainable and Pro-Social Enterprise. Springer. pp. 76–. ISBN 978-3-319-58804-9.
  22. ^ Michela Addis (9 January 2012). Ad uso e consumo. Il marketing esperienziale per il manager. Pearson. pp. 81–. ISBN 978-88-7192-704-6.
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